Nazi Germany

THE UPROAR over Switzerland's hidden bank assets, deposited by Jewish victims of the Holocaust or by Nazi looters in the 1940s, has had a salutary effect. The inquiry has spread to Sweden and France.One casualty of the dispute is the early retirement of Switzerland's ambassador to the United States, Carlo Jagmetti. A Zurich newspaper printed parts of an adversarial cable he sent to his government. He advised it to "wage war" in behalf of bank secrecy against allegations by the World Jewish Congress and by Sen. Alfonse M. D'Amato, R-N.Y.

Which of the following quotes comes from Adolf Hitler, fuehrer of Nazi Germany and author of the Final Solution to rid the world of Jews?1. "Although such beasts are unfit for work, they are fit for killing. And this is what happened to the Jews; while they were making themselves unfit for work, they grew fit for slaughter."2. "We are even at fault in not avenging all this innocent blood of our Lord and of the Christians which they shed for 300 years after the destruction of Jerusalem, and the blood of children they have shed since then (which still shines forth from their eyes and their skin)

Paris.THE WAR we seem ready to enter in another week or two is much more likely to produce a new American national order than a new international order. It promises an American confrontation with pain and reality which have not been experienced since our angry, thwarted -- and guilt-filled -- abandonment of the Vietnamese to themselves in 1975.What most marked the United States in the years that followed the Vietnam War was repression of the experience the country had been through. The Vietnam veterans were shamefully made scapegoats, as if serving their country had made them responsible for what went wrong.

Harry Lindauer, a retired U.S. Army colonel who served in World War II, Korea and Vietnam after fleeing Nazi Germany in 1938, died of age-related complications and an infection Friday at the Ginger Cove retirement community in Annapolis. He was 88. Born in Buttenhausen and raised in Darmstadt, Germany, he was 20 when he left his family's tobacco and soap factory as the Nazi government intensified its campaign against Jewish business owners. Distant relatives sponsored his immigration to Chicago, where he worked initially in a sausage factory.

A surge of emotion swept over the young Jewish soldier from Baltimore when he first took in his hands the original set of Nazi Germany's infamous Nuremberg Laws."

Columbia must address problems of crime, several declining commercial centers, strained relations among ethnic groups and self-segregation of neighborhoods by socioeconomic status, community leaders said at a Harper's Choice village meeting last night.Howard County's Ad Hoc Committee on Human Rights organized the meeting in response to a hate-bias incident two months ago when large red swastikas -- the symbol of Nazi Germany -- were painted on the windows of a Harper's Choice Village Center photography shop owned by Russian Jewish immigrants.

The Diary of Anne Frank ends: "Despite everything, I believe that people are good at heart." If she could have lived to see what the small but growing Holocaust denial industry has tried to make of her work -- as well as the rest of the mountain of evidence of Nazi Germany and its collaborators' attempt to wipe out the Jews -- she might have revised her judgment.Revision of judgments in the light of better evidence, as Dr. Deborah Lipstadt observes, is what history is all about. But she bridles at the use of the common term "revisionist" for the subjects of her book.

BERLIN -- It is Jan. 11, 1943, 20 degrees below zero, and 24-year-old Ilse Rewald's short defiance of the Nazi Holocaust seems at an end. Having abandoned her apartment, torn off the yellow star and buried her Jewish identity card, she now finds herself turned away by a Berlin family who she hoped would take her in."I started to walk down the stairs from their apartment, crying and wondering what I would do next. Then they called me to come back. They had decided that they couldn't bear the responsibility of leaving me to the Gestapo," Mrs. Rewald said.

Jeffrey Herf's new book started from a simple question: Since virulent anti-Semitism existed in Europe for centuries, why was it only under the Nazi regime that it led to the mass murder of the Holocaust? In The Jewish Enemy: Nazi Propaganda During World War II and the Holocaust, the University of Maryland, College Park historian writes that Hitler and his cronies put forward an international Jewish conspiracy as the driving force of modern history: Jews were to blame for Germany's wartime suffering.

Leaders of Columbia's Harper's Choice village denounced last night an act of vandalism in which seven large red swastikas were painted on the windows and outside walls of a photography store owned by two Russian Jewish immigrants.At the already-scheduled village board meeting, county Police Chief James N. Robey told about 40 residents that the department is investigating leads on the Harper's Choice Village Center hate-bias incident, which was reported to police Monday morning. A $300 reward is being offered for information leading to an arrest.