Manhattan Project

Louis August Scholz, a self-employed patent attorney and inventor who had worked in photography on the Manhattan Project during World War II, died April 20 of complications from a fall at his Sykesville home. He was 92 and died at the University of Maryland Medical Center. Born in Baltimore and raised in Rockdale near Randallstown, he was a 1935 Catonsville High School graduate and earned a degree in mathematics and physics at what is now Loyola University Maryland. As a young man, he exhibited an invention, a fluorometer, at the Central Enoch Pratt Free Library . Mr. Scholz worked at the Social Security Administration and the old Monitor Controller Co. on South Gay Street.

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- It was supposed to be a kind of detective story, the clever unmasking of the identity of a former Manhattan Project scientist who may have passed atomic secrets to the Soviets during World War II.Instead, it has turned into an acrimonious battle to preserve the reputation of one of the nation's most revered scientists, after charges of espionage were leveled against him by a respected public-interest activist and author.What makes the story especially odd and poignant is that the two men were longtime friends.

For my part, I travel not to go anywhere, but to go. I travel for Travel's sake. The great affair is to move.Robert Louis StevensonOur inspiration was obvious: Baltimore was getting two new ways to visit New York.First, Southwest Airlines announced it would start offering flights to New York for as little as $88 round-trip. The catch was that travelers would fly from Baltimore-Washington International into MacArthur Airport in Islip, Long Island, a good distance from the attractions that draw most Baltimoreans to New York City for a day.Then, in October, Amtrak will roll out a 150-mph train that promises to shave 30 minutes off the trip to Manhattan, making it a two-hour train journey.

Fred Schmidt, 75, a physicist on the Manhattan Project and an expert on energy policy and nuclear power, died Jan. 17 of cancer in Seattle. Mr. Schmidt wrote "The Energy Controversy: The Fight Over Nuclear Power." Recently, he specialized in the use of nuclear accelerators to date archaeological materials. He was a professor emeritus of physics at the University of Washington.

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HERBERT YORK, 87 A-bomb developer, arms-control advocate Herbert York, a leading physicist in the development of the atomic bomb during World War II who later became an arms-control advocate, died Tuesday in San Diego after a long illness. Beginning with his work on the Manhattan Project, Dr. York held a series of high-level posts over six decades and served as an adviser to six presidents. He wrote and lectured extensively about the threat of nuclear war. "There is no such thing as a good nuclear weapons system," Dr. York said in a 1983 interview with the Los Angeles Times.

Pavel Sudoplatov,89, the Soviet spymaster who stole the design of the atomic bomb and plotted the assassination of Leon Trotsky, died Tuesday in Moscow after a recent stroke. In 1940, Sudoplatov's branch of Josef Stalin's secret police carried out the stabbing death in Mexico of Trotsky, Stalin's rival. In 1945, his "moles" at Manhattan Project labs obtained a description of the bomb's design and used it to develop Soviet nuclear weapons. A KGB lieutenant general, Sudoplatov was convicted of collaborating with secret police chief Lavrenty P. Beria in 1953.